Can doctors check my medical events, prescriptions only after PESEL?

No, not every doctor has the opportunity to view the medical history of a given patient. It is the patient who authorizes each of the medical workers, this does not happen automatically. More details can be found here: https://pacjent.gov.pl/aktualnosc/przez-udostepnianie-do-zdrowia By law, only a primary care physician has automatic access to the patient's medical data, including visits to specialists or private offices. You can check whether you have agreed to view your medical data on your Online Patient Account in the "Treatment history" tab, as well as in the mojeIKP application. All medical events in the e-health system are also recorded there. I enclose materials that may be of interest: https://www.gdziepolek.pl/blog/w-czym-moze-pomoc-ci-gdziepolek